Липецкая газета. 1996 г. (г. Липецк)

^ j A c i J i e K O H M M b i y j ^ i\ e N i H O " H o m K a j ^ ^ y u j g f f i 1 4 c eH T f l6 p s i 1 9 9 6 r . N2 176 ( 124 0 ) ?-‘'V 1 . K o He i^ nepeoH paspqf lKH m H aqajio ToproBOH BO MHbi m e m f ^ y CU IA h CCCP 3 a Ko n o T o p r o Bn e , n p i iH AT L iH aM e p u Ka n cKUM Ce n a x o M b n a x H im y 1 3 j ie Ka 6 p H 1 9 7 4 r o f l a a 5 c o i i io T H b iM G o j i b i u h h c t b o m r o j Xo co B ( 77 n p o x i i B 4 ) , B O i i ie j i b n c x o p m o 5 j i a r o f l a p a m i u i b o a n o M y p a a f l e j i y n o f l H O M e p o M 4 0 2 , i isBe cx H O M y KaK « n o - n p a BKa c e n a x o p a / ( > KeKcoHa» . 3 x a n o n p a BK a , KaK c r a B O d m c - B i i a n o y>Ke Hepea HecK OJ ibK O H e ae j ib , o a H a n a a a K o n e u n e p s o - r o n e p n o a a p a a p a aKH ( « d e t en t e» ) b o x H o m eH H a x a s y x c y n e p - aep acaB. 3 t o t p a aa e a , o a a r a aBa eH H b m « CB o 5 o a a a in Hx p au HH ; H T o p r o B a a Me> aay B o c t o k o m h 3 a n a a o M » , y cx aH aBaH sa n , h t o : « Bce T OB ap w Ha c x p a n , He h m c i o i u h x p b i h o h h b i x 3 k o h o m h k , i l i e M o r y x n o a y n a x b CBo O o a y o x f lHCKp HMHHau HH , x o ecx b x . h . i «pe> KHM cx p aH H a n So a b u i e r o 6 a a r o n p H a x cx B O B aH H a » , h 3 x h i cXp aH b i l i e M o r y x p accHHXW Bax b n a Kp e a n x b i h Kp e a n x H b ie ; r a p a n x H H n p a BH x e a b c x a a Co e aH H e H H b ix U Jx a x o B . . . b x o m t c a y a a e , e ca n axH . cx p aHb i : • 1. He a a i o x CB O HM r p a iK a a n a M n p a B o n a n Bo aM o iKH o cx b i 3 M H r p n p o Ba x b ; ‘ 2. c o a a a i o x n a a o r o B b i e x p y a H o c x H a a a BMH x p a i iHH , n o a y - i H e n n a BH3 H a n a p y r u x a o Ky M e n x o B , H e o O x o aHM b ix a a a 3MHX- 1 p au HH ; H an s 3. o 6 a a r a i o x n a a o r o M , n o a a x b i o , u i x p a c j io M n a n a p y x H M H I n a a x e a < aM H a i o O o r o rp a a c a a n n H a , > K e a a io u ie r o 3 M H x p H p o B a x b I B x y H a n H H y io c x p a n y . . . I 3 x h o r p aHHHeHHa n p e Kp am a io x cH , k b k x o a b KO n p ean aeHX I C L U A o n p e a e a n x , h x o x a n a n HHaa c x p a n a n e o c y m e cx Ba a e x i H ap y u ieHHH CBoOo a , y Ka aaH H w x b n y H K x a x 1, 2 h 3 " . s 3 x o x p a a a e a aaKOHa o x o p r o B a e a n m a a C C C P y * e n p e - ? a o c x a Ba e H H o r o e in y n o a o r o B o p y o BaaHMH o i i x o p r o B a e ( n o a - i H H c a im o M y b 1972 r . ) c x a x y c a « H a H 6 o a b i u e r o Oa a r o n p HH X- s cxBOBaHHa B x o p r o B a e » . O h xaKX < e p a c n p o c x p a H H a 3 x h > Ke \ o r p aHHMenHH n a Bce a p y x H e co n n aaHCXHH ecKH e cx p aH b i , He I H M e io u in e « p b iH O HH b ix 3 k o h o m h k » . n p H a o iK e H H o e k Sa Ko n y I o x o p r o B a e ( Jio pMaabHo e n n c b M o c e n a x o p a Fe n p n f la ceKCo n a I F o c y a a p cx Be H H O M y c e x p e x a p i o Fe n p H Kn c cH H a a ce p y y Kaab i - I B a a o , HX O n o a « cBo 5 o a o H 3 M H r p au HH» a a a C C C P ce n a x C U I A I n pHBHaex Bb ia a n y n e Men ee 6 0 0 0 0 aMH x p au H O HH b ix b h 3 b r o a . I 3 x h h n e Ko x o p b ie a p y r n e « y ca o BH a U * e KC O H a » , Ko x o p w e ? CHHXaaHCb K O H ( j ) HaeHUHaabHb I M H, H O 6 b i a n n o HHHUHaXHBe i c a M o r o Ua ^ eKco n a o n y O aH K O B aH b i b r a a e x e « H b i o - f l o p K !i T aHMC» 19 O Kx a O p a 1974 r . , Bb iaBaa n n eM eaaeHHb iH n p o x e c x i c o B e x c K o r o n o c a a b C U I A A n a x o a n a Uo O p w H H H a , n o cHH x aB- i i n e r o h x BMem ax eab cxB O M b o B Hy x p eHHHe a e a a Co B e x c K o r o ; Co i o a a . 2 6 O Kx a 6 p a MHHHCxp HH O c x p aHH b ix a e a C C C P A n a - ! p e n Fp o M b iK O x a K * e H a n p a a n a KHCCHHa»< epy o i j m n H a a b H b i f i : n p o x e c x . n p e a n a e H X C U I A O o p a , Bb icx y n aB iu H H n p o x H B « n o n p a B - s KH U5KCKC O H a» , He M OX, o aH a K O , n p HM eHH Xb CB O e n p aB O £ « B e x o » , y HH Xb iBaa x o O o abUiHHCXB O, K o x o p o e aaK O H n o a y H H a a B Ce n a x e h p a n e e b n a a a x e n p e a c x a BH x e a eH . n o a n n c b iB a a ! aaK O H 3 aH Bap a 1975 r . , O o p a Bce ace c a e a a a a a aBae n n e o ! X O M , HX O O H CHH x aex H eu e ae co oGp aaH b iM BKa io n a x b b H e r o y ca o BH a , Ko x o p w e a Ba a io x c a an cKp HMHHau H O HH b iMH n o o x - 5 Hom eHHK) K cyBep eHHb iM c x p a n aM . 12 aH Ba p a 1975 r . n p a a n - £ x e ab cx B O C C C P a a a Bn a o , h x o o h o CHHx aex n o a n n c a H H b iH s Meacay a o y M a c x p a n aM H b 1972 r . a o r o B o p o x o p r o B a e y x p a - i xHBiUHM CHay . H n c a o aMH x p an x o B na C C C P , a o cx H xm e e r iHKa s B 3 16 81 H e aoBeK b 197 3 r . , c p a a y n o i u a o n a y Gb ia b . B 1975 s r o a y Gb ia n Bb ia aH H x o a b K o 1 3 22 0 aMH x p au H O HH b ix BHa. n o c a e a c x BH a « x o p r o B o r o ( } )Ha cKO» p a c n p o c x p a H H a n c b h s Ha n e p c r o B o p b i o 6 o r p aHHHeHHH cx p a x e xHHe cKHX Bo o p y ace - £ 'e in 'e ' r t 6 'H7 i f t l lW axHB“e n p e a n a e H x a H H K c o n a . ’ n o a n n c a H H b i e O o p a o M h Bp eacn eBb iM c o r a a m e n n a n a Bcx p e - j Hc n o B a a a n n o c x o KC 2 3 - 2 4 n o a o p a 1974 r . . n c Gb ia n p a x n ( | in - m i p o B a i i b i c e n a x o M C U I A . H e p s a a « p a a p a a Ka » M o r a a c h h - ! x a x b ca n o x o p o H eHHOH . s CeHH a c , Hepea a B a a n a x b a e a r o a a n o c a e 3 x h x c o Gb ix u n , i Mo acn o a y M a x b , h x o o H h yace aaBHO c x a a n a o c x o a n n e M h c x o - ? pHH, p eaHKXOM « x o ao 'aHOH BOHHb i» . ccOo n p aBKa U,> KeKCOHa» i a o a a c u a Gb iaa Gb i n o x e p a x b c b o k ) a K x y a a b H o cx b x o x a Gb i n o - i x o M y , HXO Po c cH a HMeex p b iH o n n y i o 3KOHOMHKy h n p aKXH Ky - i ex n o a i i y i o c B o Go a y aM H r p au H H . T o a b K o b 1992 r . n a P o c c h h £ 3M H x p H p o BaaH B a p y cH e cx p aH b i 6 1 8 2 8 5 HeaoBeK, b a e ca x b i p aa Go a b u ie « MHHHMyMa» , y c x a n o B a c H H o r o ce n a x o M C U I A . M e a c a y x eM 3 x a « n o n p a BKa » Bce e iu e a e n c x By e x , h h h n p e - ^ a n a cH x B y u i , h h n p e a n aeH X K a n n x o H n e n b i x a a n c b n o c x a a n x b ! n e p e a aM e p H Ka n cKHM KOH x p eccoM B o n p o c oG o xM e n e ee h o i n p e a o cx aBa eH H H P o c c h h c x a x y c a ccH an Go ab iu e r o G a a r o n p n - i ax cx BOBaHHa b x o p r o B a e » n a n o c x o a H H o n o cH o se . 3 x o Gb iao ■ c a e a a n o x o a b KO n o o x h o i u c h h i o k n o a b i n e , B e n r p H H h U e - i XHH. ( B o x H o u ieHH H K n x a a « n o n p a BKa , f l,aceKcoHa» H H Ko r a a s n e BBo a n a a c b b c n a y ; x o a b KO n aMCK o x b k o h BoaMoacHo cxH , : c a e a a i iH b iH b 19 79 r . , Bb iaBaa n p e a n o a ce n n e / ^ en C a o n n i i a ^ o x n p a n a a x b n a K n x a a b C l U A a e c a x b M n a a n o H OB KH x a i in eB ; B r o a ) . H a KaacaoH Bcx p e n e b Be p x a x , H an HHaa c 1988 r . , c n c p a a : Fo p Ga n e B , a aax eM h Ea b UH H n p o c n a n n p ean aeHXOB C U I A o ( f io pMaabHOH o xM e n e x o p r o BO H a n cKp HM H H a u HH n ccn on p aB- ^ KH U,aceKCOHa» . H o HHKaKHX p e a a b H b ix acH cx BHH b 3X0M Ha- ^ n p aBa eHHH aM e p H Ka n cKOH cx o p o H OH n e n p e a n p H H HM a a o cb . ; 3 x 0 aBHo e n p o x H Bo p cH H e aaeM en x ap HOH a o r n K e h n e c o o x - Bex cxBHe p a a a e a a 4 0 2 3 aKOHa o x o p r o B a e c y m e cx By io in e H c h - x y a u H H B P o c c h h H aBo aH X n a M b icab o x o m , h x o b o c h o b c x e x n p o u e c c o B , K o x o p b i e n p H B e a n k n o a B a e n n i o « n o n p a B KH U * eKCOH a » , Gb ia a n e aaGo x a o cBo Go a e 3 M n r p a n H H n a C C C P , a H e n x o Go a e e c f iyHaaMeH x aabH o e b o x H o i u e n n a x 3 a n a a a h B o c x o Ka . R p o G a e M a ace 3M H r p a u H H n o c a y a c n a a a n u i b n p e a - a o r o M , H eo Gx o aHM b iM a a a M a cKn p o BKH h c x h h h w x n pHHHH HOBOrO BHXKa KOHCj ipOHXaUHH. 3 XH CKp b I Xb ie ( j iaKXOp b l k o h - ( JiaHKxa, BoaMoacHO, Bce em e He HCHeaan . . . 2 . C6ii M)KeHMe CU IA m CCCP b 1972 r. M noBBneH Me « nonpoBKH A>KeKCOHa» V a y H i n e KH e o x H o n ieHH H Meacay C U I A h C C C P h Meacay P C U I A H K H P B 19 7 2 r . n a n a a o c b n o HHHUHaxHBe n p e a n a e u x a P Pn n a p a a H n K c o H a h o Gb a c n a a o c b , n p eacae B c e r o , e r o HaMc- P peHHeM aaKOHHHXb y n a c x n e C U I A b BOHn e b o Bb e x n aM e n o - HexHb iM M H p oM . 3 x o x MHp Gb ia x aKace Baacen h a a a n e p e n a - Gp aHH a c a M o r o H H KCo n a n a h o b b i h c p o K . E r o n o Ge a a n a P Bb iGo p a x 1968 r . o Gb a c n a a a c b oGem aHHCM Bb iBo a a aM ep HKan - * CKHX Bo o p y a ceHH b ix c n a Ha Bb e x n aM a . K 3XOMy Bp eM e n n aMe- ■ pHKaHUb i n o x e p a a n x aM y Gn x b iM H Go aee 50 x b ica n c b o h x c o - a a a x h o K o a o 2 x w c a n caM o a e x o B . Pa c x o a b i n a B o f i n y , c o c x a - ; B i iBU in e 150 M n a a n a p a o B a o a a a p o B , Gb ia n yace n e n o a c n a y aaace a a a aM cp H Ka n cKOH 3 k o h o m h k h . ; n o c K o a b K y Go e c n o c o Gn o c x b a p M i iH Ce n e p n o r o B b e x i i a - Ma H n a p x n a a n B b e x KO i i r a n oHXH n o aHOCx b io a a sn c e a a o x n o - m cx aBOK o p y a cH a h Go e n p n n a c o B na Co p e x c K o r o Co i o a a , x o pe- ^ u icHH e BbexHaMCKOH n p o Ga eM b i n y a c i i o Gb ia o n cKa x b b M o c - ^ KBe. H BOX H h k c o h n p n a e x e a k h b m b Mae 1992 r . a a a BceoGb - ^ CM a io u iHX n e p e r o B o p o B , KOXo p w e h n o a c a c n a n n a n a a o x aK I I* ' Haab iBaeMOH « p a a p a a Ke » . B x e n e n n e a e c a x H a n e f i H h k c o h h B peacHCB n o a n n c a a n o K o a o a e c a x n p a a a n H H b ix c o r a a m e n n H H a o r o B o p o B . Fa a BH b iM H Ha h h x Gb ia n n p o c KX a o r o B o p a oG o r p aHHHCHHH cx p a x e r H H e cKH X a a e p n w x BOopyaceMHH h aMe- P pHKaHO - coBe x cKHH x o p x o Bb iH a o x o B o p , n p e a o cx aBHBU iHH Co - ■ Bex cKOM y C o i o a y c x a x y c ccH a n Go a b u ie r o Ga a r o n p n a x c x BO Ba - ^ HHa» H a n aHH x e a b H b ie Kp eaHXb i . H o p M a a n a a n n a o x h o u i c h h h ^ C U I A c K n x a e M h b h 3 h x H h k c o h 3 b M o c K s y p a c cM a x p n B a - P a n c b KaK Go a b u j o n y c n e x aM e p H K a i i cK o n B i ie u iH eH n o a n x H - O a i i a KO x o p r o B b iH a o r o B o p Meacay C U I A h C C C P n e Gb ia n p e a ao a ce n K o n r p e c c y C U I A n a p a xH4 ) HKau H io h m c h h o n o x o - My , HXO c e n a x o p ) JaceKcoH BHec b OKx aGpe 1972 r . c b o i o n o - n p a sK y , c sa a b iB a i o u i y i o a x o x a o r o B o p c 3 M H r p a u H e i i na C C C P . B x o Bp eMa b c c m Ka a a a o cb , h x o ccn o n p a sKa U,> KeKCOHa» a e f i - cxBH x eab Ho Gb iaa Bb iaBan a o aaGo n eHHOcx b io b C U I A c o Ga io - aeHHCM n p a B n e ao BCKa b C C C P . Co Be x cKa a c x o p o n a aaBe p n a a aM e p u KaHCKy io a aM H H H Cx p am i io b x o m , h x o b 1973 r . BoaMoac- Ho cxH a a a aM H r p a n n H Gy a y x p a c n i n p e n b i h « n o n p aBKa » cx a n e x H aa n iu H e i i . Ce n n a c , n a o c h o b c a n a a n a a c o Gb ix m i n o c a e a y io m H x a e x , cxaHOBHXca o n e Bn a n b iM , h x o ccn on p asKa/ ] ,aceKCOHa» Gb iaa M s MCTOpMM COBpeMeHHOCTM x o p / ^ aceKCOH BKa ioHHa n o c a a n n e Ca x a p o B a b ao KyMeHXb i K o h - r p e c c a . B cBo eM n o caaHHH Ca x a p o B n p n a b iBa a aMepHKaHCKHH K o n r p e c c n p n n a x b ccn o n p aBKy / ] ,aceKC0Ha» h Bb in o aHHXb x a - .,^ ,1 KHM o Gp a a oM « H cx o p H H e cKy io o xBe x cx BCHHOcx b n e p e a BceM ^ HeaoBen ecxBOM. . . n p H H a x n e n o n p aBKH He aBaa e x ca y r p o a o n c o - Bex cKO- aMepHKaHCKHM o x H o m e n n aM . Bo a e e x o r o , n o n p a BKa He n o Ba n a e x n a M e a ca y n a p o aH y io p a ap aa icy » . HyacHO oxMexHXb , h x o b n a n a a e 19 7 3 r . n o c a e n o a n n caH H a B Ra p n a c e MH p n b ix co r a a in eH H H n o Bb e x n aM y h n o c a e Bna'n xa -V' KH ccHH a a cep a b X a n o H ccnOnpaBKa ) 3aceKCOHa» n o x e p a a a aK- ' x y a a b H o c x b , o n e i l n a n a a n aaGb iaa x b . Jl n Ge p a a b n a a aMepHKan - W m m m 1^4 i t e i i I M o p e c M E f f B E M E B « X O J I O J l H A S I B O M H A » S A K O H H M J I A C b T O P r o R i k a B O M H A n P O A O J I X C A E T C I I , '''4 He cxo a b KO cp e a cxBOM cxH M ya a iiH H 3MH r p a iiH H , CKo a b Ko k o c - BeHHbiM c n o co G oM x o p n e a n p o B a H H a Bce ii « p a a p a a KH » , BKa io - H a Bin e fl h o r p a H n n e n n a cxp a xe r n H e cKH X Bo o p ya c e n n i i . H M e n - HO B 3XOX n e p H o a n o a x o a n a a k a a Bep u ieH H io M H o r o a e x n a a ceK- p e xH a a n p o r p a M M a n e n x a r o H a n o co a a a H H io H OBo r o n o K o a e - HHH cxp a xexH H ecKH X CBep xxoH H b ix p a Ke x . O n a BKa ioH a a a m o - Gn a bH b ie p a x e x b i M X - 1 a a a n a a eM H o r o G a a n p o B a n n a , p a Ke xb i a a a n o a Bo a H b ix a o a o K h n p H n u H n n a a b H O n o Bb ie wKp b ia a xb ie p a Ke xb i» / c r u is e m is s ie s / , a a n ycKa eM w e c c a M o a e xo B h n a p a u in e Ha H e Go a b u io ir Bb ico x e H a a a eM a e S . TexH o a o r H H e cKH H n p o p b iB x a K o r o M a cu ixa Ga a a a a a C U I A a n aH H xea bH b ie BoeHH b ie n p eH My- m e cT s a , Ko xo p b ie cH H xa a n cb n aM H o r o BaacHCe, HeM m o g k o b c K h h a o r o B o p . U>KeKCOH, Kc x a x n , B o a r a a B a a a n o a xo .MH xe x C e n a x a n o BOO P V /K c i inaM . 3 . COBeiCKMe AMCCMACHTbl M «nonpQBKa A>KeKCOHa» C aH Bap a 1973 r . a n a x o a n a c a b U o n a o H e b r oaHHHOH k o - M a n a n p o BKe a a a n ayHHOH p a Go x b i b H a n n o n a a b H OM HHCXHxy - xe Mean uHHCKHX HccaeaoBaHHH . B n a n a a e a a r y c x a , aa n e cKo a b - Ko Mecau eB a o n cx e n e n n a c p o K a M o e i i BHab i, a Gb ia a n m e n c o - B e x cKo r o r p aa caaHCXBa aKoGb i aa ccan xHCOBexcKy io a e a x e a b - n o cx b » . O a n a KO b 3 x o x n e p n o a a n o a B e p r a a c a Kp n x H x e n p e ­ acae B ce r o CO c x o p o H b i m o h x a p y seH - n p aBo aa u iHXHH KOB b M o c - KBe, r a aBH b iM oGp aa oM n o x o M y , h x o a b HCMHo r oHHcaeHHb ix HHxepBbK) B b icx y n a a n p o x H B ccn on p aBKH U» ceKcoHa» , a p r y M e n - x n p y a 3 x o x c m , h x o o n a , c x a s aaKOHOM, Bb iao se x He cx HM y a a - UH io , a co Kp am eHH e 3MH r p au HH h HOBb ie n o a n x HH e cKn e r o n e - HHa. B a a r y c x e 1973 r . a x aa eMH K A n a p e n Ca x a p o B , cx aBu iHH Gea y caoBHb iM a n a e p o M n p a B o a a m n x H o r o aBH iKe n n a , neoacH- aaHHo Bb icx y n n a n p o x H B p aap aaRH b o x H o u ie n n a x Meacay C U I A H C C C P H n o a a e p a ca a ccn o n p aBKy U,a< e KCOHa». H a n p ecc- KOH - ( j iepeHnHH 21 a a r y c x a n e p e a Go a b u i o n r p y n n o i i HHOcx p aHHw x a c y p i ia a n c x o B Ca x a p o B aa aBn a , c c h x o cGan aceHHe h n pHMHp e - HHe aan aaH b t x c x p a n c C C C P Ha co Be x cKH x y ca o BH a x n p e a cx aB- a a e x c o G o h ce p b e a n y io y r p o a y BceMy MHp y , x . k . p a cm u p e n n e x o p r o B a n n o a Bo a n x C C C P p em a x b x e xHHn ecKHe n p o GaeM b i h M o u ib C C C P Hp eaBb iHaHHo y cn a n x caw . U p n 3X o m r a aBH b iM y c - ao BH eM a a a x o r o , h x o G m p a a p a a n a n e c x a a a o n a cH o i i a a a Bce ­ r o MHp a , Ca x a p o B CHHxaa ccn p u n axHe ccn o n p asKH f la ceKcoH a» KaK MHHHMaabHb iH m a r b 3 x o m Han p aBaeHHH . O n a Baacna He x o a b KO caM a n o ceGe, h o KaK cHM Bo a x o r o , h x o p a a p a a x a He o a n a n a e x o x Kaa a o x KOH x p o a a aa xeM , h x o G b i Co Be x cKHH Co i o a He M o r c x a x b o n a cH b iM a a a co ceaeH » . C H an a aa 1973 r . A n a p e H Ca x a p o B Bb iaBHH y a x e o p n io o x o m , HXO cp e aH Bcex o c h o b h w x n p a B n e ao BeKa , n ep en H caeHHb ix b o Bce o Gm e i r a e Ka a p a u H H o n p a Ba x n e a o BeKa O O H , caMb iM r a a B ­ Hb iM aBaa e x ca n p a a o i r a 3 M H r p a n H io h c s o G o a a sb iGo p a c x p a ­ Hb i n p oKH BaH H a . 3 x o Bb iaeaen n e b o s m o x c h o c x h aMH r p auHH k b k r a a B H o r o n p a s a n e a o BeKa p a c K o a o a o n p a a o a am H XH o e aBHXce- HHe B C C C P Ha HecKoabKO ^ p aKUHH . A a e K c a n a p CoaaceHHUb iH, ecxecxBeHHO, He M o r n o a a e p x ca x b Ca x a p o B a b 3X o m . f l a a n n c a - x e a a r a a sH b iM Gb iaa , Ko n e n n o , cBo Go a a c a o Ba h n p e ccb i . ccFaacHOCxb , n e cx n a a h n o a n a a r a a cH o c x b — b o x n ep Bo e y ca o BH e a a o p o Bb a B c a Ko r o o Gm e cx sa , h H am e r o x o * e » — 3 x o a a aBae n n e Co aaceHHUb iH c a e a a a b 1969 r . , h ax a e r o n o a n u n a He M e n a a a cb b aa a b n eHm eM . B n u cb M e Ca x a p o B y Co a x ce n n u b iH o xM e n a a , h x o n eab aa n o a ae p a cH Ba x b ccn o n p aBKy ) 3) KeKCOHa» h Bo o Gm e n p n a a B a x b Go a b m o e aH a n e n n e 3M H r p a u H H , K o r a a 3MH x p an H a — 3X0 Ge r cxBO n a cx p aH b i , y x o a o x o x se x cx BeHH o c - XH, a B c x p a n e x a K m h o x o r o p a a a o Go aee BaacHb ix M a cco Bb ix n p oGaeM » . M o i l Gp a x Po H x axace B b i c x y n n a b M o c k b c n p o x H B ccno ­ n p aBKH f la < eKC 0 H a» h n o a n e p KH Ba a , h x o o Gm a a p a a p a a x a b o x - H o m e n n a x Meacay C U I A h C C C P G y a e x cn o co Gcx B OB a x b Baa- HM i io M y oGMCn y n a e aM n h HHcj ^ opMam ieH h HM e n i io Ga a r o a a - p a 3 x o M y o G ec n eHHX a eM O Kp a x H a am n o c o s e x c K o r o oGm e cx Ba . Ko H c j ip o H x a n n a ace h r o H Ka Bo o p y a ce i iHH a a a y x b coBexcK O M p y K OB o a cx Be n e p e ae c Ko n ce p Ba x H BUb iM c n a aM . ccEcan A M e p n - Kan cKHH K o n r p e c c n p n M e x ccn o n p aBKy ) ] ,aceK COHa» h o x m c h h x a a a C C C P c x a x y c cx p aH b i ccn a n Go a b m e r o Ga a r o n p n a x c x BH a b x o p r o Ba ew , x o 3 x o n e c x H M y a n p y e x , a n o B p e a n x BoaMoacHo c- x aM 3MH r p au HH . Co Be x cKO - aM e p n KaHCKn e o x n o m eH H a xaKace y x y am a x c a » . 16 ceH x aGp a 1973 r . A n a p e H Ca x a p o B n o u i e a n a Baacub iH h a o cx a x o H HO cM e aw n n o c x y n o K — n e p e a a a a a n a a n b iM Ko p p e c - n o H a e H x a M b M o c K s e o c o G o e ccOGp am eH n e k K o H r p e c c y C U I A » , KOXo p o e yace b x o x ace a e n b n p o a B y n a a o n o p a a n o , a Ha ca e a y io m H H Gb iao o n y GaH KOBa n o n a n e p Bb ix c x p a n m i a x Bcex Be a y m n x aM e p n Ka n cKH X r a ae x . 17 c e i ix aGp a Ce n a x C U I A o c o - Gb iM a a aBa e i in eM n p H Be x cx BOBa a o Gp a m e im c Ca x a p o B a , cen a - I * 9 cKa a n p e c ca h n oHXH Bce aMepHKaHCKHe c o B e x o a o r n c o r a a m a - a n cb c ap r yMeHx aMH Kn ccHHaa cep a h H H Kc o n a o x o m , h x o BKa io - HeHHe ccn o n p aBKH» b a aKOH o a a x e a b cx BO o x o p r o B a e Gy a e x HMexb o Gp a x H b i f i acj xj ieKX h n a c aM y p a a p a a Ky , h Ha 3MHxp a- UHK). 3M H r p a u H a Gw cx p o p o c a a HMeHHO c H a n a a a 19 73 r . , h 3X0 y M eH b m aa o a a sa e n n e n a K o n r p e c c c o cx o p o HW aMepHKaH - c K o r o e Bp e f icK o r o ao GGn : Gb iao n aaecxHO, h x o M ea ca y H h k c o - HOM H Bp eacn eBb iM cym e cx By e x n e p c o n a a b H a a a o r o Bo p eH H o cx b oG yBeaHHeHHH HHcaa Bb ieaan b ix b h 3 b x en en n e GanacaHm HX aex . A n a p e H Fp o M b iKo b KOHcJin aeKUHaabHOM n n cb M e Kn ccHHaa ce - p y n o a x B e p a n a r o x o BH O cx b C C C P a o Be cx H n n c a o eace r o an o Bb ia a sa eM b ix sb ie aaH b ix b h 3 a o 4 5 0 0 0 . B b i a o xMen eH ocoGb iSi i i a a o r n a 3Mn r p aHXOB. B sx H x y c a o Bn a x HMe n n o n o c a a n n e Ca - x a p o n a K o n r p c c c v C U I A OKaaaao cb c i i a b i i b iM b i i c i i i h i i m i i m - n y a b co M , K o x o p b i n B o a p o a n a aeGax b i BOKp y r ccn on p aBKH» . B CBOHX CcBo cn oMHHaHHax» Ca x a p o B n pH an ae x , h x o ccOncbMO o n o n p a sK e F( aceKCOHa» Gb ia o o a n HM na caM b ix HaaecxHb ix h n a - n Go ae e ae i r cx BeHH b ix m o h x Bw cx y n aeHHH . H e c a y n a i iH O K h c - cHHaacep B CBoeH KHHxe ccHexb ip e r o a a b Be a o M aoM e » y n o M H - Haex Mo e HMa x o a b K o b cBaan c 3 x h m h h c b m o m — n o x o n y a o - BoabHO H eo aoGp H x eabHO , OH, BnaHMO, cn n x a e x , h x o ccn on p aB- Ka / ^ aceKCOHa» n o Bp e aH a a . p a a p a aKe » . KHCCHHa> Kep , a e n cx a n x e a b HO , CHHxaa, h x o n o c a a n n e C a x a ­ p o Ba n o B p e a n a o p a a p a aKe , x c m Goaee, h x o a o a x o r o Ca x a p o B ccno ca o BaM KnccHHaacepaf^ Gb ia n aBecx en b C U I A c b o h m cc O c - HOBHb iM MaHH4 iecx oM 1968 r . » , B KOx o p oM o h a o Ka a b iBa a i ie - oGx o aHMOcx b cGaHxceHHH C C C P H C U I A , x a K k b k x o a b K o p a c - m n p eHH e 3KOHOMHn e cKo r o h n a y n n o r o oGMen a M o ica y B o c x o - k o m h Sa n a a o M M o r a o Gb^ cn o coGcx BOBax b , aeMOKp axHaauHH c o Be x cKo i i c n cx cM b i . PeaKHH n o B o p o x Ca x a p o B a o x a x o r o x e - 3Hca o x Kp b ia Bo p o x a , caep acHBaBr n n e r o a o c a k p h x h k o b p a a p a a - KH». n o c a e x o r o , KaK c cn o n p a sKa / ( aceKco n aw Gb iaa n p H H a x a Ko H r p e c c o M C U I A , ee aeHCXBHx eabHb i i i 34)4> eKx M o r Gb ixb n p o - Bep eH yace He b x e o p n n , a Ha n p aKXHKe . K a K n aaecxHO, Ce a e p - Hb i i r Bb e xHaM Gw c x p o p e m n a Bo cn o a b a o Ba x b ca y x y am e n n eM aM e p H Ka n o - co Be x cKH X o x r iom eHHH . Pe r y a a p H w e aHBHaHH ce- Bep oBb exHaMu eB B x o p r a n c b b c c h o h 1975 r . b KD i k h w h Bb e x ­ HaM B p a i r o H e H e H x p a a b H o r o n a a x o . A p M H a lOacHO- Bb exHaM- CKOH p e cn yGaH KH n o n x H n e o Ka aw a a a a c o n p o x H a a e n n a . Ca n - r o H Gb ia c a sH Gea Go a , h aMepHKan cKHH Bo en n w H h r p a a ca a n - CKHH n e p c o H a a b n a n n Ke c n a c a a c a a e p x o ae x aMH c icp b im n n o - c o a b c x a a C U I A . AM e p H K a n c n w x a a a n e p Bo e b CBoen H cx o p HH Bo eHHo e n o p a a ce n n e . « X o a o a H a a BOHHa» Bo a o Gn o BH a a cb c HOBOH HHxeHCHBHOcxbK) , H C U I A x e p n e aH n o p aaccHHe b a p y - r n x ao Ha x KOHij iaHKXOB: b KaMGo aace ( n p o x H B n o a a e p a cn a a e - M o r o K H P n o a - R o x a ) , A n r o a e , 3( J) HonHH h a p y r n x c x p a n a x . OcoGeHHO HyBCXBHxeabHOH a a a C U I A Gb iaa n o x e p a H p a n a b 1979 r . J l n m b n p e a n aeHX Pe i i r a H , a a x p a xH Bm n H n a n e p e Bo o p y - aceHHe C U I A n o a x o p a x p n a aHOH a a o a a a p o B , cyM e a Bo cc x a n o - BHXb a o M H H H p y io m e e n o a o x ce n n e C U I A b m h p o b o h n o a n x H Kc . 4 . AecflTb flGT cnycTfl. ropSanes h « nonpaBKa A)KeKCOHa» ■ * S I ' 4- B n e p n o a 19 7 5 - 8 5 r r . Co Be x cKHH Co i o a He ocoGeHHO Hyac- ' a a a c a b aM e p H Ka n cKHX Kp e a u x a x . M n p o B b i e n e n w n a necj ixb h ! .. r a a , r a a BH w i i coBe x cKHH a Kcn o p x , Bce Bp eMa p o c a n , o Ge cn e n n - Baa co Be x cKo e n p a BH x e a b c t BO Go abm HMH p eaep aaMH XBep aoH Ba a io x b i . Co Be x cKH H 3 K c n o p x b C U I A o c x a Ba a c a n a o h c h b h h - 3KOM y p o BH e H3 - aa b w c o k h x n o m a n H . B a a a n c x o p r o B a n co Bce- ' _ MH c x p a n aM H 3 a n a a H o i i E a p o n w Gw a y C C C P n o a o a cH x ea b - Hb iM, x o r a a KaK Ga a a n c x o p r o B a H c C U I A Gw a Bce Bp eMa peaKO o x p m ia x e a b H b iM . O a n a KO B 19 86 r . , K o r a a n e n w n a i iecj ixb n a MHp oBOM pw H Ke ' y n a aH b x p n p aaa , M n x a n a Fo p Ga n eB , n a n aBm u H n e p e c x p o f i - Ky , c x a a HCKaxb HOBw e Bo aMo acHo cx n a a a Kp e a n x o B h aa f iMOB. ; H o ( t m i ia n co Bb iH p w n o K C U I A Gw a a a a H e r o a aKp w x i iM e i n i o : Ha-aa ccn on p aBKH , f l,aceKCOHa». 3 M H r p a u H a na C C C P , co cx aBUB - m a a s c e r o 1 1 4 0 n e a o Be KB 1985 r . , y n a a a a o 9 1 4 n eao BeK b 1986 r . , H n p caHaeHX Pe n r a n HMea Bce o cHOBan n a o x Kaaw Ba x b C C C P B n o a y n eH HH Kp e a u x o B h c x a x y c a n a n Go a b m e r o G a a r o n p i i a x - CXBHa. Fo p Ga n e B , b o x a u n n e o x Bp eacHesa , Gw a Go aee n yBCXBHxe- a e n Ko Bu em n eM y a aBa eH H io , o c o Ge n n o c 3 a n a a a . Bea o c o Go r o ccnaGaHCHXH» Gb iao p em e n o a n Ge p a a n a o Ba x b SM u r p am n o , h yace B 1988 r . Gb ia o Bw a a n o 1 0 60 00 SMH r p auHOHHW x b h 3 , n a M n o r o £ Go a b m e y c x a n o B a e n H o r o ccn o n p aBKo n » MHHHMyMa . O a n a K o n p ean aeHX B y m , CMenHBm HH Pe H r a n a , n e a e a a a H i iK a K i i x pe- a a b H w x m a r o B a a a o x M e i iw x o p r o BOH II KpeaHXHOH a n cK p i iM H - n a m iH C C C P . J l i i a e p w eBp e f iCKO i i a n a c n o p w b C U I A n a a x o x i i ■ p aa a o GGn p o Ba a n b n o a b a y o xM e n w ccn on p aBKH / ) aceKCOHa» — a n Go Bp eM e i iH o , a n Go n o a n o c x b i o . n p e a c e a a x e a b M n p o - B o r o cBp eH CKo r o K o n r p e c c a 3 a r a p BpoHcJiMaH n p n a Ba a a a - MHHHCx p au H io C U I A n o aH o cx b K ) o x m c h h x b 3 x y ccn o n p aBKy » , n o a n e p KH Ba a , h x o o n a c c a M o r o H a n a a a He CM o r a a o x K p w x b a Be p n a a a 3MH r p au HH . Ce n a x o p Po Ge p x / ] , oya , Hw n eu iHHH Ka n aH a a x b n p e a n a e n x w o x p e cn yGaH KaH u eB, xaKace n p e a a a - r a a o x M e n n x b ccn o n p aBKy / ( aceKC0Ha» x o x a Gw n a r o a . Fo p - Gan eB n p o p e a r n p o B a a n o a n o H a n Ge p a a n a a i iH eH 3M H r p a i iH H . B 1989 r . Co Be x cKH H C o i o a n o KH n y a n 2 3 5 0 0 0 n eaoBeK. C n a - n a a a 1990 r . y aM e p H Ka n cKo r o n o c o a b c x B a b M o c k b b Kaac- a o e y x p o Bw cx p aH Ba a a cb a a n n n a a o n e p e a b aceaa iom HX sM H r- p u p o Ba x b B C U I A . H n o c x p a n n w e KOH cy ab cx Ba n e c n p a s a a - a n c b c n o x o KOM a i o a e i i , n o a y H H Bm n x Bw eaaHw e b h 3 w . B n a n a a e m o n a 1990 r . Fo p Ga n e B h B y m n o a n n c a a n b B a - m HH iTOHe x o p r o B o e c o r a a m e n n e , n p e a y cM a x p H a a sm e e n p e - a o c x a Ba e n n e C C C P c x a x y c a n a n Go a b m e r o Ga a r o n p n a x c x B o - Ban n a . O a n a KO a n a e p w K o n r p e c c a n eMeaaeHHO o Gb aBH a n , HXO c o r a am e n n e n e Gy aex n p n n a x o n a p a xH i j iH Kau H io a o o k o h - n aHHa ca n KUH i i M o c k b w n p o x H B J I h x b w h a o n p H n a x n a B e p - xoBHWM Co B e x o M saKOHa oG- 3MH r p au HH . B aeKaGp e 19 90 b CBaan c n p o a o Bo a b cx BeH HW M Kp n aH coM b K p y n n w x r o p o a a x C C C P H a a a n o a ae p a cKH Fo p Ga n e n a , x e p a am e r o KOH x p o ab H aa c x p a n o H , n p e a n aeHX B y m n o a n n c a a an p eKXH By o n p e - a o cx a sa eH H H c x a x y c a n a n Go a b m e r o Ga a r o n p n a x cx BOBaH H a Ha 6 Mecau eB n Kp e a n x e a a a a a Ky n o K n p o a o Bo a b cXBH a . R o - ay n eHHWH Kp e a n x n o M o r o Ge cn e n n x b M o c K B y , Jl e H H H r p a a h Cse p a a o BCK n p o a o Bo a b cx BH CM n a 3HMy 1990 - 91 r r . H M e n n o B 3XOX n e p n o a b M o c K s y n a C L U A c x a a n n o c x y n a x b Go a b - m n e n a p xHH a aM o p o a ce n n w x Ky pHHW x Hoacex , c p a a y n o a y - H HBm n x H aaBa n n e ccHoacKH By m a » . H o aaKOHo aax eabHOH o x - Men w caMOH ccn on p aBKH» , x e n e p b yace n o K o i iH o r o ,L( aceKco- n a , Fo p Ga n e B x a K h n e ao a caa a ca . 5 . H a KOpOTKO M nOBOAKG ccPoccHK) c x a p a i o x c a aep acax b Ha Ko p o x KOM n o Bo aKe » , — | | x aK o x Be xHa Mn e o a n n n a co x p y a n n KO B M n H H c x e p c x Ba h h o - : } cx p aHHW x a e a Pct> , k Ko x o p o M y b o Bp eMa M o e r o H e a a BH e r o ; n p n e a a a b M o c K B y a o Gp a x n a c a c Bo n p o c o M o n p HHH n a x o x ­ Kaaa C U I A o cym e cx BH Xb 4 ) o p M a a b n y io o x M e n y ccn on p aBKH / ] ,aceKCOHa» h n p e a o cx aBH Xb P o c c h h c x a x y c n a n Go a b m e r o , Ga a r o n p n a x cx BOBaH H a b x o p r o B a e . B o x a e a e Ce Be p n o n A m c - pHKH MHHHCXepCXBa BHem HHX SKOHOMHHeCKHX CBaaCH MUe oGb acHHaH , h x o ccn o n p aBKa UaceKCOHa» h a o c h x n o p co a a a - ex ccHCKOxopw e x p y a n o c x H » b x o p r o B a e . M H ) 1 PC> n p o a o a - acaex p e r y a a p n o HHcJiopMHp oBax b a aM H H H c x p a u n io C U I A o HHcae Bw a a n n w x b P o c c h h aM H x p a u H o n n w x b h 3. M n e xaKace , CKaaaaU, h x o c a y n a i i c R o a b m e i i , Ko x o p a a n o a y n n a a n e cKo ab - Ko a e x i^ aaaa c x a x y c n a n Go a b m e r o Ga a r o n p H a x cx BOBaHH a . n e n o a x o a H X a a a P o c c h h , ccxaK KaK Po c c n a aBaa e x ca a a e p n o f i aepacaBOH» . On eBHaHO , h x o h m c h h o b 3 X o m co x p a n e n H H b P o c c h h o r p o M H o r o p aKe x H O - a a e p H o r o n o x e n u H a a a c a e a y e x ’ HCKaxb i npHHHHW n p o a o Ba c a io m cH ca x o p r o BO H a n cKp HMHH a - UHH. Rp e a n a e n x Pe n r a n , n a n n n a a c b o i o M a ccH Bu y io n p o r p a M - M y n e p e Bo o p y a c e n n a , h o c o Ge n n o n p o r p a M M y c caBe a a n w x , BOHH» , x o e cx b n p o xHBo p aKCXHOH o Go p o n w B KOCMOce, n e m CK p w B ^ cB o e r o n aM e p eH n a a o Ka a a x b , h x o co Be x cKa a 3 k o h o - - 4 MHKa pKaacexca b Kp n aH ce , e ca n C C C P n o n w x a e x c a c o x p a - HHXb i t a p H x e x H B 3XOM Han p aBaeHHH . Pa cn e x w Pe i r r aH a , b ocHOBEOM, oKaaaaHCb Bep nw MH , h Fo p Ga n eB Gw c x p o n o m e a ’ d aVf cx y n KH , Ko x o p w e Gb u in Hen bW t W AH i i f e f H r f aJa Ep e a c u cBa , ; HH a a a ' A n a p o n o B a . > j i « m i. u i R c i a i i x i i K a aM cp i iKa i iCKOH a a M i i im c x p a m i i i b i i a c x o a i i i c e Bp eM a 'H cx o aH X, n o - BHaHMOMy , h 3 x e x ace n p e a n o cw a o K . O c - ' a aGa e n n e p o c c n i icKO H 3 K o h o m h k h k b k c n o c o G c o Kp a m e n n a p o ccHHCKO r o p aKe x H O - a a e p H o r o n o x e n u H a a a — 3 x 0 B n o a n e 3( } i( j )eKXHBHaa n o a n x H Ka , H a n e x w p e x c x p a n C H F , HMeBm n x K KOHu y 1991 r . p a Ke x H o - a a e p n o e o p y a cn e , x p n ( Be a a p y cb , J K a a a x cYa n h VKp aH H a ) yace o x Ka a a a n cb o x H e r o n o Gb aBH a n ; CBOH Xep pHXOpHH CcGcabaf lepHWMH 30HaMH» , x o x a B OCHOBO- . n o a a r a r o m n x a o K y M c n x a x o co aa an HH C H F b aeKaGp e 1991 , r . Gb ia o p em cH o c o x p a n n x b o Gb e a n n cH H o e KOM a n ao Ban H e ’ « oGm HM Bo eHHo - cx p ax exHHecKHM n p o c x p a n c x BOM h eaHHWH i KOH x p o ab n a a a a e p n w M opyacHCM» . O x Ka a x p e x n a e n o B C H F o x a a e p in o r o o p y a cn a o G t a c n a a c a n e x o a b KO 3Ko n oMHHecKH - i MH n pHHHHaMH , HO H aaBacHHCM 3 a n a a a . 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Rp H M c p K i l x a a , Ko x o p w H n o c a e n o a y n eH H a cx a - x y c a ccu an Go abm e r o Gaa r o n p H a x cx BOBaH n a» n a n a a c x o a b 3^ )- 7 4 ) c k x h b h o p a aBH sa x b c b o h sK c n o p x ( b o c h o b h o m x c K c x n a a h i n p o a y K x o B aexKOH n p o M b im a e n n o c x H ) b C U I A , He k o m h c h - j cH p y a e r o HM n o p x o M na C L U A , h x o y Co e aH HCH H w x U I x a x o B '.- j o Gp a a o Ba a ca b 1995 r o a y o r p o M n w i i ae4> HUHX b 3 x o h x o p - < r o B a e b 3 8 M H a a n a p a o B a o a a a p o B , He c x H M y a n p y e x a ccaa n n a n p e a o cx aBH Xb n o aoGHW H c x a x y c P o c c h h . s B n a cx o am e e Bp eMa x o p r o B w i i Ga a a n c a M e p u K a n o - p o c - # c h h c k o h x o p r o B a n xaKace n a n a a c a BH r a x b ca b n o a b a y Po c - CHH. U o 199 3 r . a o a a C L U A b o G m eM 3 Kcn o p x e n a C C C P , a ^ aax eM h H3 P o c c h h Gw a a o n e n b h h 3 k o h ( a a a C C C P — u nace o a H o r o n p o u e n x a , a a a P o c c h h — o x 2 a o 3 n p o u e n x o B ) . B 1994 r . a o a a C L U A co c x aBH a a 6 , 9 n p o u e n x a p o c cH H CKo r o 3 k - c n o p x a H Bn ep Bb ie n p e a w cH a a H M n o p x n a C L U A . / ^ eiJiHUHx , ^ . o a n aK O , n e n p e Bw m a a o a n o r o M H a a n a p a a a o a a a p o B h Gw a [ Hecp aBHHM c KHxaHCKHM. Ro a y n e H H e P o c c h c h n o c x o a n i i o r o s c x a x y c a n a n Go a b m e r o Ga a r o n p n a x cx B OB aH H a , K o x o p w f l n p e - \ acae B ce r o c x H M y a n p y e x 3 K c n o p x h n p o M w m a eH H o e n p o n a - i Bo acxB O P o c c h h , n e can m K O M B o o a y m e a a a e x aM e p H Ka n cKy io \ a aM HH H cx p a u H io . 3 x h )Ke 4 ia Kx o p w , o n eBHaH O, n p e n a x c x a y - ' l o x H n p H n a xHK) P o c c h h b c a w y io m n p o K y i o M e a c a y n a p o a n y io i a c c o u i i a u H K ) n o a b r o x n w M x apHcj iaM h x o p r o B a e ( G A T T ) , i o Gb c a H H a io m y io b n a cx o am e e Bp eMa 11 8 c x p a n . p A aM H H H Cx p a u H a C L U A n a c x p o e n a Kp a n n e n e r a x u B i i o k f ; cx p eM a eH H io B e a a p y c n , K a a a x c x a n a h YK p a n H w k 3 k o h o m i i - HecK O H p eH H x e r p au HH c P o c c h c h . C o b c x c k h h Co i o a , KaK b o - i enH O - n o aHXHHecKHH n p o x i iBH H K C L U A , n p e K p a x n a c b o c c y - ^ m e cx B OB a n i ie , n o aKo n oMHH e cKo e B o a p o iK a e n i ie P o c c h h n e - - i iaGe iKHo c o a a a c x a a a 3 a n a a a c e p b e a n o r o x o p r o B o r o K O H K y - 1 p e n x a , c n o c o G n o r o b n e p c n e K x i iBe n a p y r n u x b a a n a a n y i o m o - f H o n o a m o n a p w H Ke b w c o k h x x e x n o a o r n H . Sa n a a Bp a a a n ' Gy a e x y cK o p a x b 3 x o x n p o u e c c Kp e a u x aM H , i in Be c x H u n aM H n x o p r o BW M H a b r o x aM H . t Ha CHHMKax b aaroaoBKc: H a n a a o p a a p H a K i i . K u c c H n a w e p h E p o K i i C B b 3 a B i i a o - Bo , K a a i i i i i iH CK ' a n o Ga a c x b , r a c i i a x o a n a H Cb a a n a 11 o x o t - HHHbC X 03 HHC XBO E p O KH CBa ( M a i l 1 9 7 2 r . ) . 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