Смольянинов Р.В., Ранний неолит Верхнего Дона

__________________________ Summary __________________________ On a large number o f Neolithic monuments o f Sredne- donskaya culture, dishes technologically identical to prick orna­ mentation have been identified; these, however, are decorated with either three- or four-toothed thin, short prints o f a comb, or the same comb prints in combination with triangular punctures, with the overwhelming dominance o f comb impressions. Comb collec­ tions made with the same technology as was used for the dishes o f the Srednedonskaya culture should be grouped under a single Srednedonskaya culture. At present, 22 monuments are known in the Upper Don, combed dishes from which belong to the Sredne­ donskaya culture o f the second stage o f development: Ksizovo 6, Podzorovo 1, point 366, settlement 3 in the estuary o f the Bo- rovitsa River, Yarlukovskaya Protoka (point 222), Shilovskoye, Kurino 1, Chemavskaya, Universitetskaya 3, Savitskoe 1, Dobroe 4 (point 385), Torbeevo, Rybnoye Ozero 2 (point 202), Vasi­ lievsky Cordon 5, First Perekhvalsky Fort, Ilegschi estuary 2, Yurievo, settlement 27 at the village Ilegschi, Dobroye 7, Dobroye 9, Ivnica, and Stupino. The materials from the settlements o f the second stage, which date back to the end o f the VI through the first ha lf o f V millenni­ um BC, are much greater in number. They have been found as on the Voronezh River, so on the Don River, at sites: Universitetskaya 3, Universitetskaya 1, Karamyshevo 9, Ksizovo 6, Savitskoye 1, Kurino 1, Vasilievsky Kordon 1, Lipetskoye Ozero, Bukhovoe 10, Studenovka 3, Rybnoye Ozero 2 (point 202), Dobroye 4 (point 385), Dobroye 7, and Dobroye 9. A date for this stage was obtained from the ceramics o f the site Cherkasskaya 3 on the Middle Don, at lot o f BP 5997 ± 33 (4985-4795 BC) (Hela-3771). According to the materials o f from the Upper Don sites, the dishes and their carbon deposits have been dated as such: Universitetskaya 3 - BP 6190±100 (5400-4800 BC) (Ki-15959), BP 6140±90 (5300-4840 BC) (Ki-15432), BP 6050±90 (5300-4700 BC) (Ki-15441), Lipetskoye Ozero - BP 6263±120 (5477-4942 BC) (SPb-2085n), BP 6084±120 (5301-4728 BC) (SPb-2085), Yarlukovskaya Protoka (point 222) - BP 5770±200 (5207-4246 BC) (SPb-1288), Vasilievsky Cordon 7 - BP 5860+80 (4860-4520 BC) (Ki-15193), and BP 5770+90 (4810-4440 BC) (Ki-15199). At the site Dobroe 9, o f organics from the soil were dated as: BP 6150+100 BP (5317-4839 BC) (SPb-2840). Radio­ carbon dates for cherkasy-type ceramics are also known. The first 189